Análisis longitudinal de factores personales, institucionales y familiares asociados al rendimiento académico en estudiantes de ingeniería del ITVY

Abdul Sahib Machi García; Antonio Villicaña Botello; Aurelia Mendoza Espinoza; José Juan Araiza Amado; Leticia Vela Palomera

doi:10.61117/ipsumtec.v9i1.441

Authors

Abdul Sahib Machi García Sonora Institute of Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-8594
Antonio Villicaña Botello National Technological Institute of Mexico
Aurelia Mendoza Espinoza National Technological Institute of Mexico
José Juan Araiza Amado National Technological Institute of Mexico
Leticia Vela Palomera National Technological Institute of Mexico

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61117/ipsumtec.v9i1.441

Keywords:

Academic performance, Associated factors, Educational assessment, Longitudinal analysis, Technological education

Abstract

This study analyzes the factors associated with the academic performance of new students at the Instituto Tecnológico del Valle del Yaqui from 2020 to 2025. Using a descriptive longitudinal design, complete institutional records of 846 students were examined based on the results of three standardized diagnostic tests: Verbal Reasoning (CRV, α=0.87), Mathematical Reasoning (CRM, α=0.91), and Indirect Writing (CRI, α=0.83).

The results show a statistically significant declining trend, with a cumulative decrease of 30.1% in the overall performance average. This impact varied by competency, showing a greater effect on mathematical reasoning (46.6% decrease), followed by verbal reasoning (28.4%) and indirect writing (15.7%). The Kruskal-Wallis test confirmed significant differences between annual cohorts (H=45.32, p<0.001), and positive, significant correlations were identified among the three competencies assessed. Multiple regression analysis revealed that personal (study hours, motivation), institutional (support programs, teacher preparation), and familial (parental support) factors significantly explain variations in academic performance. The findings allow for the design of targeted institutional strategies, particularly mathematics leveling programs, and provide a replicable methodological framework for other technological institutes within the context of Mexican higher education.

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Author Biographies

Abdul Sahib Machi García , Sonora Institute of Technology

Abdul Sahib Machi García is a Mexican writer, professor, and researcher with a master's degree and doctorate in humanities and social sciences. His academic work is characterized by an interdisciplinary approach that combines humanities, social sciences, and philosophy of science. He has published books and scientific articles, as well as participated in research and academic outreach projects. He has held university management positions related to institutional outreach and development.

Antonio Villicaña Botello , National Technological Institute of Mexico

Antonio Villicaña Botello is a professor of Information Technology and Telecommunications at the Yaqui Valley Institute of Technology. He holds a bachelor's degree in Computer Science and a master's degree in Information Technology Management, as well as PRODEP certification. He has taught subjects such as computer networks, data analysis, and IT auditing, standing out for his practical and up-to-date approach.

Aurelia Mendoza Espinoza , National Technological Institute of Mexico

Aurelia Mendoza Espinoza was born on June 16, 1974, in the community of Pozo Dulce, Huatabampo, Sonora, to parents of indigenous Mayo origin. She is knowledgeable about Mayo culture, has a professional career in industrial engineering, a master's degree in administration, and currently works as a teacher in the Basic Sciences department at the Yaqui Valley Institute of Technology.

José Juan Araiza Amado , National Technological Institute of Mexico

José Juan Araiza Amado is a professional in the industrial and production sector, with work experience and expertise in entrepreneurship, particularly in Ciudad Obregón, Mexico. He is an industrial engineer and a professional in the field of manufacturing and production. He has worked as a production supervisor at Motorola and as a manufacturing engineer at Autopartes de Santa Ana. He also has experience in teaching.

Leticia Vela Palomera , National Technological Institute of Mexico

Leticia Vela Palomera is a teacher and researcher in Mexico linked to the educational and literary fields, especially in Sonora. She has been the coordinator of the “Program to Promote Reading Aloud” at the National Technological Institute of Mexico, Valle del Yaqui campus, where she encouraged students to present unpublished short stories at a state literary gathering. She also appears as an author or co-author in academic publications, such as studies on the perception of social responsibility groups.

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