Conservation and integral management of microbasins through planning and community participation

Abstract

The hydrological basins and the ecosystems formed in them are essential in the protection and ecological balance. The micro-basin of the San Pedro river is located in the community of La Gloria First section in Chignahuapan Puebla. The objective of this research is to evaluate the current state of the San Pedro river micro-basin to implement an integral management of natural resources through the Community Participation and Hydrographic Basin Management methodologies. The community Territorial Planning was carried out with proposals for the use and distribution of land. It was detected that the main pollutants are garbage and wastewater that is dumped in recharge areas of the micro basin or in the river. The cultivated lands that make up the micro-basin are treated with herbicides, pesticides and chemical fertilizers. These verifications indicate that there is a degree of contamination in the bodies of water and modifications to the habitat of flora and fauna. Locals were trained to make compost. Soil and water studies were made; for the soil, the application of organic matter and agricultural gypsum is recommended to modify the pH according to the nutritional requirements of the crop. The water is of good quality, but with excess Mn (Manganese) and Fe (Iron); it is recommended to install filters. Two home biofilters and a vermicompost module were built. BIOCOMUNI monitoring was implemented, which allowed the identification of three families of the tree stratum, eight of the shrub, thirteen of birds, five of mammals, one of amphibians and four of reptiles. Residents were instructed in the germination of forest species with seeds (20,000) of Black Pine (Pinus greggii). It was experimented with germinating Sabino (Júniperos deppeanea) in four substrates; each with 1485 seeds to determine the best. 980 trees were monitored in four substrates to determine the growth curve.