Evaluación del entorno físico y condiciones laborales en la producción artesanal de mermelada de tejocote

Teodoro Alarcón Ruiz; María De Guadalupe Hernández Espinosa; María Evelinda Santiago Jiménez; María Eugenia Lazcano Herrero; Lénica Valeria Sánchez López

doi:10.61117/ipsumtec.v8i3.388

Authors

Teodoro Alarcón Ruiz National Technological Institute of Mexico
María De Guadalupe Hernández Espinosa National Technological Institute of Mexico
María Evelinda Santiago Jiménez National Technological Institute of Mexico
María Eugenia Lazcano Herrero National Technological Institute of Mexico
Lénica Valeria Sánchez López National Technological Institute of Mexico

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61117/ipsumtec.v8i3.388

Keywords:

Working conditions, Ergonomic Damage, Physical Environment, Artisanal Production

Abstract

In the scientific literature, studies reported on the collateral effects in terms of health, working conditions and ergonomics in artisanal production activities are scarce. Currently, contemporary society has considered increasing the consumption of less industrialized products with a minimum of chemical preservatives. Thus, this research presents a descriptive, quantitative, non-experimental and cross-sectional study on the evaluation of risks in the physical environment, working conditions and musculoskeletal disorders in 5 local producers dedicated to the production of tejocote jams, a fruit representative of the community of Dolores Calpan, Cholula Puebla-Mexico between the months of October and December 2024. The NOM-011-STPS-2001 Standards were used and NOM-025-STPS-2008, the LEST method and the OCRA method. With the exception of instruments, the data are processed in the Ergoniza® software and the Ergo/IBV® ergonomic risk analysis software. The results showed for the physical environment, noise levels of 75.45 dB and natural lighting of 773.66 lx. The indicators of physical workload 2.5, mental workload 4.2, psychosocial aspects 3.2 and work time 1.0; On the other hand, the OCRA index obtained with a value of 4.84. According to the LEST method, there was a valuation in “satisfactory situation”; However, the result of the OCRA method shows that the right hand presents a “medium unacceptable risk”. These findings invite preventive actions through continuous training plans on safe work practices; Likewise, inform local production companies about possible health alterations due to exposure to dysergonomic conditions and have control medical check-ups on the personal agenda. Improvements in the workstation, ergonomic training and redesign of tasks are proposed to reduce the impact on the health of local producers.

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Author Biographies

Teodoro Alarcón Ruiz, National Technological Institute of Mexico

Doctor of Engineering Sciences from the Higher Technological Institute of Misantla. He is a PRODEP Profile for the National Technological Institute of Mexico. He has published articles in national and international journals and has collaborated on literary works and utility models. He has supervised and continues to supervise bachelor's and master's theses. His lines of research relate to supply chains and the circular economy, system dynamics, and sustainable processes and products.

María De Guadalupe Hernández Espinosa , National Technological Institute of Mexico

Industrial Engineer, from the Technological Institute of Puebla. During her professional and academic career, she has been able to design, implement and supervise efficient production systems, focused on the optimal use of resources, cost reduction and increased productivity. She has also led strategic projects in the field of industrial engineering in order to generate comprehensive solutions and ensure their correct execution with a clear focus on results.

María Evelinda Santiago Jiménez , National Technological Institute of Mexico

Doctor of Science in Business Planning and Regional Development from the Technological Institute of Oaxaca. She belongs to the National System of Researchers (SNII) Level I. She is a PRODEP profile. She has published articles in peer-reviewed and indexed journals. She has supervised and continues to supervise theses at the bachelor's, master's and doctoral levels. Her current lines of research involve topics such as education, tourism, social network analysis, regional development, poverty and the sociology of technology.

María Eugenia Lazcano Herrero , National Technological Institute of Mexico

Full-time professor at the Technological Institute of Puebla with a Master of Science in Biology from the National Autonomous University of Mexico and a PRODEP profile from the National Technological Institute of Mexico. Supervision and co-supervision of Master's and Bachelor's theses. Collaborator and member of academic bodies in various projects on education, environmental factors in the workplace, and technologies with a gender perspective, with publications in peer-reviewed and indexed journals.

Lénica Valeria Sánchez López , National Technological Institute of Mexico

Dr. Lénica Valeria Sánchez López holds a PhD in Administrative Sciences (UAT), a Master's Degree in Administration (BUAP) and a Bachelor's Degree in Communication Sciences (UDLAP). Since 2013, she has been teaching at the Technological Institute of Puebla, and since 2017, she has been teaching postgraduate courses, specialising in innovation and business subjects. In the field of research, she has several scientific publications to her name. Since 2017, she has served as head of the Business Incubation and Innovation Centre, where she supports student developers of technological projects in the formation of their comprehensive study and intellectual property strategy.

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