Uso de pruebas hematológicas para detección de contaminantes ambientales en aves

Amara Sahad  Jiménez Chávez; Guadalupe Javier Jiménez Santillán

doi:10.61117/ipsumtec.v6i5.229

Authors

Amara Sahad Jiménez Chávez Instituto de Ecología https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3430-1333
Guadalupe Javier Jiménez Santillán Tecnológico Nacional de México https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7713-9457

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61117/ipsumtec.v6i5.229

Keywords:

Genotoxic contaminants, Micronucleus test, Environmental indicators

Abstract

Wild bird populations decline due to various environmental factors. One of them is environmental contamination, especially caused by pesticides and other genotoxins that are used in various agricultural and agro-industrial activities, as well as anthropic practices, which are important sources of contamination that affect the soil, water, and air.

Contaminants such as genotoxics, in addition to causing genetic modifications, affect various metabolic functions in birds, such as thermoregulation, feeding patterns and water intake, as well as innate and acquired behavior. This has an impact on the mating rate and egg laying, affecting the bird population and habitat heterogeneity. Various disorders and diseases such as neurotoxicity, endocrine diseases and alterations in cell reproduction are associated with the exposure of birds to pesticides and pesticides. This exposure can be evaluated through the micronucleus test and the heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio in peripheral blood of wildlife and as an indicator of health and stress status in birds.

The development of this contribution shows the proper use for birds, as well as how to quantify and identify the cells of the micronucleus and H/L test. The need to take effective measures to reduce the release of genotoxics, promote sustainable agricultural practices and protect bird habitats is highlighted. In the same way, the importance of research on the mechanisms of genotoxicity and the development of conservation strategies.

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