Determinación de la biodegradabilidad de vasos desechables comunes

Alexis Julián Torres Morales; Jair Elián López Sánchez; José Humberto Castañón González; Rocío Meza Gordillo; Belén Cruz Antonio

doi:10.61117/ipsumtec.v6i5.226

Authors

Alexis Julián Torres Morales Tecnológico Nacional de México https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1761-6569
Jair Elián López Sánchez Tecnológico Nacional de México https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7856-7137
José Humberto Castañón González Tecnológico Nacional de México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3625-6414
Rocío Meza Gordillo Tecnológico Nacional de México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3975-7372
Belén Cruz Antonio Tecnológico Nacional de México https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2324-4844

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61117/ipsumtec.v6i5.226

Keywords:

Fossil fuels, Bioplastics, Biodegradable

Abstract

Plastic has become ubiquitous in our lives due to the wide variety of applications, plus it is produced daily in large quantities. The greater consumption and use of products of short utility has generated concern about the environmental impact of plastics throughout their life cycle, since most of them are produced from the processing of fossil fuels. In order to reduce environmental pollution, a wide range of new plastics made with raw materials of natural origin has been generated, such as: bioplastics, biodegradable plastic, oxodegradable, and biopolymers. Currently, the challenge is to analyze compliance with the degradability characteristics of these materials and verify that what companies with those names sell is really what they offer. For the present study, three disposable items labeled as biodegradable were subjected to different tests (salt water, compost, and common soil): tray, Wecare® cup, and Andatti® cup; in an average time of 60 days. Infrared spectrophotometric studies were performed on the materials to identify the compounds present.The spectrophotometric analysis indicated the presence of ten compounds in the biodegradable cup sample (Wecare® and Andatti®). The results shown by the Wecare® and Andatti® vessels were a percentage of biodegradability by weight of 93% and 92%, respectively. In the composting medium, they decreased significantly in weight and volume. However, the same three elements do not show degradation in saltwater and common soil media.

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